This session looks at the sharp fall-off in economic growth in the vast majority of developing countries, which began 25 years ago. This is probably one of the most important economic phenomena over the last quarter-century, and has been a driving force in electoral changes in Latin America, including Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Uruguay. But despite its tremendous importance, it has received almost no attention in the United States. This session looks at the consequences and possible causes of this economic failure, as well as some of the few development success stories of the last 25 years -- e.g. China.